The southern region of Morocco is characterized by a dry desert climate. In addition, Moroccan weather varies according to the visited zones. If the regions close to the sea or the ocean know a moderate climate, the Saharan area undergoes a very hot climate at daytime and cold at night.
The regions of the South cover a surface of 252.120 km square and form a number of plains and plates offering great relief uniformity, contrary to the Eastern Sahara surrounded by mountainous massifs. The structure of this relief, very worn because it emerged anciently, is relatively simple. We can distinguish 3 great general tendencies North-South.
• Reguibat dorsal, in the Eastern region, from Laguira until the South-east of the province of Smara. It is a plain made of Precambrian lands on which rock remains are accumulated. It is slightly dominated to the North by primary and cretaceous plateau covered by tertiary sediments and to the West by Gada plateau. Accidental surface waters formed closed basins or sebkhat (e.g. ldjil Sebkhat).
• the dominating the coastal plain, Gada, extends to the North until the Draâ valley and to the South until the 23rd parallel. Composed of limestones plateaus, the relief and rains cause very weak and occasional flow of wadis (rivers) whereas inside a transverse valley, Saguiat El Hamra flows almost every year. Towards the South, flow becomes increasingly rare.
• The coastal plain is made of tertiary and quaternary sediments; some isolated dunes and weak closed depressions (Sebkhat Tah) break the landscape monotony.
The regions of the South cover a surface of 252.120 km square and form a number of plains and plates offering great relief uniformity, contrary to the Eastern Sahara surrounded by mountainous massifs. The structure of this relief, very worn because it emerged anciently, is relatively simple. We can distinguish 3 great general tendencies North-South.
• Reguibat dorsal, in the Eastern region, from Laguira until the South-east of the province of Smara. It is a plain made of Precambrian lands on which rock remains are accumulated. It is slightly dominated to the North by primary and cretaceous plateau covered by tertiary sediments and to the West by Gada plateau. Accidental surface waters formed closed basins or sebkhat (e.g. ldjil Sebkhat).
• the dominating the coastal plain, Gada, extends to the North until the Draâ valley and to the South until the 23rd parallel. Composed of limestones plateaus, the relief and rains cause very weak and occasional flow of wadis (rivers) whereas inside a transverse valley, Saguiat El Hamra flows almost every year. Towards the South, flow becomes increasingly rare.
• The coastal plain is made of tertiary and quaternary sediments; some isolated dunes and weak closed depressions (Sebkhat Tah) break the landscape monotony.
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